Posted on March 11, 2026
Researchers at the University of Wollongong (UOW), in collaboration with LUYTEN 3D, have developed the world’s first underwater 3D concrete printing system. This innovative technology uses a single-mix concrete formulation designed to set underwater without chemical accelerators or additives, ensuring structural integrity through material design alone.
According to Aziz Ahmed, PhD, structural engineering researcher at UOW and project lead, the system challenges conventional underwater construction methods. “Our trials confirm that our single-mix solution is not just theoretically sound but practically viable,” Ahmed stated. “It offers the structural integrity needed for real-world applications while simplifying underwater deployment logistics.”
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Accelerator-free printing for marine infrastructure
Traditional underwater concrete work relies on multi-stage processes or rapid-setting chemical additives to prevent washout, adding complexity, cost, and environmental risks. The single-mix formulation developed by UOW addresses these issues by maintaining stability underwater without additives. The system has demonstrated reliable performance during testing and promises immediate applications in defence, ports, and coastal infrastructure, including sustainable anchors for floating offshore wind farms and the AUKUS submarine programme.
Ahmed Mahil, LUYTEN 3D global president and CEO, emphasised the transformative potential of underwater 3D printing. “This technology fundamentally changes how we think about building and repairing infrastructure in marine environments,” he said.
Future innovation beyond the ocean
Beyond immediate uses, the system could pave the way for extraterrestrial construction techniques. Gursel Alici, PhD, executive dean of UOW’s Faculty of Engineering, praised the innovation, highlighting the calibre of the university’s engineering expertise. Alan Rowan, PhD, deputy vice-chancellor for research and innovation, noted the eco-conscious approach of the development, aligning it with UN Sustainable Development Goals.
